Tech+Terms


 * ~ ** Terms ** ||||~ ** Definition/Image/Link ** ||
 * ** firewall ** || A firewall is a part of a computer system or network that is designed to block unauthorized access while permitting outward communication ||


 * < === pharming === || Pharming is a hacker's attack aiming to redirect a website's traffic to another, bogus website. ||
 * < === security padlock === || icon that indicates the browser is connected to a secured web site. ||
 * < === identity theft === || Identity theft occurs when somebody steals your name and other personal information for fraudulent purposes. ||
 * < === secure server === ||  ||
 * < === P2P networks === ||  ||

|| || The screen displays text exactly as it will be printed. ||
 * ** captcha ** || A series of letters and numbers one must type when accessing a site that computers may log onto. Computers are unable to complete captchas so by using a captcha, you are able to filter out any computers hacking or flooding your site. Catchas act as a net for catching computers logging onto sites.
 * ** freeware ** || A downloadable free computer software. There are millions of different freeware downloads such as games, movies, and applications. They are transformed into an easy-to-read format so anyone can use them. It is a software that is given free from another user that lets others use their software. "Shareable software". ||
 * ** XHTML ** || This stands for "Extensible Hypertext Markup Language" it is used to qualify elements and attributes names by associating them with name spaces identified by URL references. It adds onto a link, each site has a unique one.
 * ** WYSIWYG ** || This stands for "what you see is what you get"
 * ** screencasting ** || A screencast is a digital recording of a screen that also uses audit output. ||
 * ** Pop-Ups ** || New browser window in front of the web page to display advertisements ||
 * ** Beta Version ** || A beta version is the word given to a piece of software that is released either to a small group of people who are testing the software or the general public for feedback before the final product version of the software is ready. A first version is called the alpha version, changes are made, and the beta version is released having most of the functions of the real version of the software for a cheaper price or no price at all. The beta version often has little to no help available in-program. ||


 * ** Proxy Server ** || A proxy server is a server that acts as an mediater between a client and the internet. It allows a user to type in what they are looking for and the proxy server will find the answer of send you to the answer. Some examples of proxy servers used today worldwide are MSN, Yahoo, American Online, etc. ||


 * ** Aggregator ** || an online feed reader, generally used to keep track of updates to blogs, news sources, and other websites ||


 * ** Operating System (OS) ** || a buffer between hardware and software in a computer system. It’s responsible for the management and organization of activities and the sharing of limited resources of the computer. ||


 * **Blu-ray** || Blue Ray is a type of optical disc that plays high definition media on a high definition DVD player. Blu-Ray is taking over the DVD and CD world. A Blu-ray disc can hold up to 25 GB of data. This is way more than what is held on a DVD or CD. It was developed for recording and playing back high definition videos and for storing large amounts of data. Blu-ray discs hold more info because it uses a blue-violet laser. CD’s and DVD’s use red lasers but blue lasers make it possible to cram more space on a disc. It was designed by Sony

. ||


 * ** Rendering ** || Rendering in computer graphics is the process of generating an image from a model. It is used during 3D graphics. In CAD, computer aided design; a rendering is a certain view of a 3D model that has been changed into a reasonable image. It stimulates shadows, reflections, and textures to the surfaces. ||

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 * ** Blue Screen Of Death (BSOD) ** || it is the blue error screen that shows weird text displayed by some __ [|systems] __, mostly shown on __ [|Microsoft Windows] ,__ after entering a critical system error which can cause the system to shut down to prevent damage


 * ** Server(s) ** || a server is any combination of [|hardware] or [|software] designed to provide [|services] to __ [|clients] __. When used alone, the term typically refers to a [|computer] which may be running a __ [|server operating system] __, but is usually used to refer to any software able to provide services. It basically sends data, gives off data and redirects data. ||


 * ** Embedded video ** || An embedded video is a video that has been placed on your website so people can see the video online. You can download videos from YouTube, or even your own and post it up on your website. The videos embedded are mainly advertisements.

Embedded system: A computer system that is designed to do a particular job as part of a larger machine. It is usually stored on a single microprocessing board (a chip that has all the functions of a CPU- Central Processing Unit), with its programs saved in ROM (Read-only memory: computer memory that can save its content even when the computer is turned off). An embedded video utilizes a similar concept as an embedded system,thus saving information on the video even when the computer is turned off. The flash video is the most commonly used format of an embedded video on the web. A flash video is viewable on most operating systems, and the most commonly used is the Adobe Flash Player, which is used to deliver information over the internet in the form of a video.

Common embedded/Flash video sites: Youtube.com Google Video Yahoo! Video metacafe.com reuters.com BBC Online ||


 * ** Web Browser ** || A web browser is a software application that retrieves and presents information from the World Wide Web (www) or the internet. Examples of browsers are Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer, Safari, etc.

A computer program used for accessing sites or information stored on the World Wide web. Web browsers come in many styles, but all provide access to the internet. Browsers retrieve codes in HTML (HyperText Markup Language) from a web server, interprets the code, and decodes it as a web page for the viewer. In order to send the information, the user needs to specify to the browser which server it wishes to go to, and thus browsers have a URL (Uniform Recource Locator). This "address bar" allows the user to tell the browser where to obtain pages.

6 main components of a web browser: 1. status bar- bottom of the browser window; showing load speed and URL of whatever address your mouse is over 2. Address bar- at the top of the browser window; allows user to type in the URL for the website 3. Title bar- very top of the browser window; shows the title of the webpage you are currently accessing 4. Toolbar icons- top of browser window right underneath the title bar; allows you to go home, backwards, forwards, refresh, etc. 5. Display window- the browser "work space"; the frame in which user sees and accesses the website 6. Scroll Bars- navigational/directional aids to help the reader go through the site. ||


 * ** Widget/Gaget ** || In computer programming, a widget (or control) is an element of a graphical user interface (GUI) that displays an information arrangement changeable by the user, such as a window or a text box. ||
 * **FireWire** || The IEEE 1394 interface is a serial bus interface standard for high-speed communications and isochronous real-time data transfer, frequently used personal computers, as well as in digital audio, digital video, automotive, and aeronautics applications. ||
 * **Wikis** || a collaborative software in which people can create web-pages with others on the same browser, at the same time. It lets people create and modify constantly, simultaneously, as well as on the same document and browser ||
 * **Wikis** || a collaborative software in which people can create web-pages with others on the same browser, at the same time. It lets people create and modify constantly, simultaneously, as well as on the same document and browser ||

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 * **RSS** || **(Really Simple Syndication):** an easy way to keep updated automatically on websites you like. Instead of having to visit the site to see if it has fresh content, you will get alerts to check out the updates that have been added to your favourite sites. An RSS service, also called an RSS channel, uses an XML format to list the fresh headlines and live links to a web page.


 * **Blacklist** || A blacklist is essientially a list which registers selected people to be restricted from certian previlages. ||
 * **Killer App** || A killer application (commonly shortened to killer app), in the jargon of computer programmers and video gamers, has been used to refer to any computer program that is so necessary or desirable that it proves the core value of some larger technology, such as computer hardware like a gaming console, operating system or other software. A killer app can substantially increase sales of the platform that it runs on. ||


 * **Malware** || Software designed to break into a computer without the owner’s permission. It is a general term used by computer professionals to mean a variety of forms of hostile, intrusive, or annoying software or program code. “Computer virus” is sometimes used as a phrase for all types of malware, including viruses. OR short for malicious software, is software that hacks into another person's computer without them ever knowing. ||


 * **ARG** || Stands for Alternate Reality Game, and is an interactive narrative that uses real world as a platform, often involving multiple media and game elements, to tell a story that may be affected by a participants’ ideas or actions. The form is defined by intense player involvement with a story that takes place in real-time and evolves according to participants' responses, unlike being controlled by artificial intelligence, such as a computer or console video game. Visit this gaming quick start guide for more information []. OR otherwise known as an alternative reality game that takes the setting of a real world and the game is one that depends on the characters' actions and ideas. ||

· ­­The four numbers in an IP address are called **octets**, because they each have eight positions when viewed in binary form. If you add all the positions together, you get 32, which is why IP addresses are considered 32-bit numbers. T his is a number assigned to your computer or any other device and identity’s you on the internet. No other person has the same Ip address as you in the world. || ||< A kernel is the central component for most computer operating systems. It is responsible for the communication between the hardware and software components. Hardware being major parts of the computer such as the CPU, memory space and devices while software generally refers to applications. || Today, multimedia is constantly viewed through the internet. The process of listening to radio or television via the internet is streaming. While, non-streaming media would be books, video cassettes and audio CDs. The verb 'to stream' is also derived from this term, meaning to deliver media in this manner. ||< 15 ||
 * ** MPEG Compression ** || MPEG stands for Moving Picture Expert Group and is used for reducing the quantity of data used to represent digital video images. MPEG generally produces better-quality video than competing formats, such as [|Video for Windows], [|Indeo] and [|QuickTime] . MPEG algorithms compress data to form small bits that can be easily transmitted and then decompressed. MPEG achieves its high compression rate by storing only the changes from one [|frame] to another, instead of each entire frame.  ||
 * < ** IP Address ** ||< Every device uses an IP Address and the number is different for every device. It consists of dots and numbers like this: 216.27.61.137
 * < **Kernel**
 * < **Streaming Media**
 * < **Group Authoring** Basically when a group collaborates together on a single project or document. This is most commonly seen on wikis where a group of people (or anybody) can add to or edit a document online.

||< 16 || ||< **16** || the process of attempting to acquire sensitive information such as usernames, passwords and credit card details by pretending to be a trustworthy entity in an electronic communication. ||< 17 ||
 * < **ADSL** (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) is a form of DSL that's basically much faster than a regular voiceband modem (Like Dial Up) would allow by using frequencies unused by telephones. So unlike Dial Up, ADSL lets you talk and be online at the same time. You can get up to a 50MBPS connection with ADSL. But a downfall of any DSL connection is the low upload speed; 20/2 Mbit, 30/3 Mbit, etc... The fastest type of DSL at the moment is VDSL2 which allows you to get 100+MBPS. In Singapore, SingNet and Pacnet offer ADSL, although they are slow in comparison to ADSL in Japan or parts of Europe. Qala offers ADSL for corporate use.
 * < **PHISH =**
 * < **WDRAM=** stands for windows dynamic random access memory  ||< 17 ||
 * < ** Flashmob ** Where normal computers running special software are "combined" to work on a single problem, similar a supercomputer. They are almost always temporary (a couple of days) and are quite cheap, whereas other supercomputers are permanent. [[image:file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/1ECT4B/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/moz-screenshot.jpg]]

||< 18 || A computer program that is installed on a computer without the user’s knowledge to secretly monitor what they do while on the computer. It can access a lot of personal information, such as the websites the user has visited, what items they have bought online, or installing new programs. It also causes slow connection and can change a computers’ settings or homepages. Spyware is considered a type of malware because it is a “Privacy Invasive Software” because its purpose is to gain access to a person’s computer without their consent. Sometimes it is used by corporations to monitor the actions of employees. Spyware is also used by governments of countries like Cuba, Iran, and Singapore to track down dissidents. ||<  ||
 * < ** Spyware **

Breadcrumbs usually appear horizontally across the top of a web page, and below title bars or headers. They provide links back to each previous page the user navigated through to get to the current page. Breadcrumbs provide a trail for the user to follow back to the starting or entry point. Breadcrumbs usually look like this: Home page > Section page > Subsection page || Roman Latin alphabet. || It specifies adresses on the internet The adress of a webpage on the Internet
 * ** Breadcrumbs ** || Breadcrumbs or breadcrumb trail is a way to figure out where you've gone in your computer interface and helps to make a trail so you can easily go back to any page you recently visited. It gives users a way to keep track of their location within programs or documents.The term comes from the trail of breadcrumbs left by hansel and gretel.
 * **Blinkies** || Blinkies are animated images that are collected and displayed and shared among groups like bloggers and myspace users. ||
 * **Romanization** || A translation of a written word or speech with the
 * **URL** || Stands for Uniform Resource Locator

|| rather than discuss the issue.
 * **Edit War** || Occurs when individual contributors or groups of contributors repeatedly [|override] each other's contributions,

||


 * **War Driving** || The act of searching for Wi-Fi wireless networks by a person in a moving vehicle using a device like a portable computer.

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stored in a person's computer from the internet. A HTTP cookie remembers information about a user's preference on a specific website. It can be used for tracking down websites you visit a lot and remember the content in an online shopping cart. ||
 * ** HTTP Cookie ** || It is a small piece of text

imaging hardware devices - like scanners and digital cameras- and image processing software -computers. Mostly all imagining software is TWAIN friendly. A TWAIN Driver is a driver that lets you transfer and process images. ||
 * **TWAIN Driver** || TWAIN is a software that lets there be communication between


 * ** Client ** || * This is a computer that accesses a remote service on another computer system known as a server by way of a network. The computer you're using right now to access this websie is a client.
 * For example:
 * Web browsers are clients that connect to web servers and retrieve web pages for display.
 * Email-clients to retrieve their e-mail from their internet service provider's mail storage servers.
 * Online chat uses a variety of clients, which vary depending on the chat protocol being used.
 * Game Clients usually refer to the software that is the game in only multi-player online games for the computer.
 * Clients can't access websites on their own and need other computers in between to help them get to one
 * They start by sending a message to an Internet Service Protocol for a web browser
 * The message is then sent to the DNS or Domain Name Server which will look for the URL
 * The DNS finds the servers address and looks sends the message back to the ISP
 * The ISP then searches for the website through a series of proxy servers before the websites server apporves of the visiting client
 * Clients are generally classified as either fat clients, hybrid clients, and thin clients.
 * Fat clients don't have to rely on many other computers to find a website
 * Thin clients are hughly dependent on other computers
 * Hybrid clients are similar to fat clients but rely more computers ||~  ||~   ||


 * ** System Patch ** || * This is a small piece of software designed to fix problems with or update a computer program or its supporting data.
 * This includes fixing security vulnerabilities and other bugs, and improving the usability, or performance.
 * Though meant to fix problems, poorly designed patches can sometimes introduce new problems.